I-Austria Economy ne-Cryptocurrencies: Ngaphandle kwe-Fiat ne-Centralization

Izibalo eziningi zebhizinisi zebhizinisi zihlanganisa ukuthi i-money isebenza kakuhle lapho ifakwe ngokwemvelo nge-trade - akuyona lapho ibhizinisi lihlanganisa abantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-fiat money (i-paper money) iyiphi into yokufakwa, ngokuvumelana kwabo. Ngingathanda kanjani i-cryptocurrency-like? Ngingathanda ukuthi. Abaningi ama-economists zihlanganisa i-Austrian Economics: isikolo se-think ukuthi ibhizinisi lihlanganisa ukuxhumana, ukuchofoza kwimakethe, kanye nezimo zokuxhumana okungenani kwebhizinisi.

Yenza ekuqaleni ekupheleni kwama-1800 nge imisebenzi ezininzi abasebhizinisi, kuhlanganise Carl Menger, Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk, futhi Friedrich von Wieser. Nokho, lithuthukisa ngokusebenzisa abasebhizinisi abaziwayo ezifana Ludwig von Mises futhi Friedrich Hayek.These tinkers promoted free markets, individual choice, sound money, subjective value, and minimal government in shaping economies and monetary systems.Thola ngokushesha ku-ngosuku, futhi siphinde izimo ezifanayo ezivela ehlabathini le-cryptocurrency.

Izinguquko ze-digital ezifana ne-Bitcoin ne-Obyte zihlanganisa umqondo wokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, ukweseka izinsiza ze-free market, futhi zithumela abasebenzisi ukunemba okwengeziwe. Ezinye ama-crypto enthusiasts zihlanganisa izinsizakalo ezivela e-Austria, ngenkathi abaningi abacwaningi abacwaningi abacwaningi abacwaningi abacwaningi. Izinto ezivamile zihlanganisa kakhulu, kunjalo.

Ukuphakama kwe-inflation ne-central banks

I-economists e-Austria zihlanganisa ukuthi ama-banks evamile – njenge-US Federal Reserve noma i-European Central Bank – zihlanganisa emkhakheni ngokuphrinta imali kanye nokuvimbela izinga lokuthutha, okwenza izibambo ezingenakuthuthazelayo nezinkinga ezinzima. Lezi zibonakalayo zithunyelwe kumadivayisi afana ne-Mises noMurray Rothbard, abacwaningi abacwaningi.ImininingwaneI-fiat money kanye ne-fractional-reserve banking.

I-fiat money iyinhlangano eyakhiwe futhi isilawulwe ngu-governments, ngaphandle kokusekela izimpahla zokufakelwa, njenge-Gold.It can lead to hidden wealth loss through inflation, benefit those who get the new money first, and encourage reckless spending and borrowing.Ngesikhathi eside, lokhu kungabangela izixazululo zebhizinisi, ukwandisa ukuzinza, futhi ukunciphisa izinguquko zebhizinisi, njengoba uhlelo kusekelwe ukhuseleko kunomthwalo kunomthwalo.

One of those financial crises eyenza ukwakhiwa kwe-Bitcoin, ngexesha. Lesi-mali yasungulwa ngokuvumelana ne-catastrophe yebhizinisi e-2008 futhi iye has a hard cap of 21 million amayunithi. Okuziquguqukayo okuzenzakalelayo kwenza ku-inflation resistant futhi inikeza uhlobo ye- "digital gold" status. Abantu abacindezeleka ku-value ye-government ngempumelelo le-scarcity. Futhi amaziko yabo akuyona kuphela e-academic—I-Hyperinflationizindawo ezifana Venezuela noZimbabwe zibonisa ukuthi izinto zihlala lapho izivumelwano zihlola imali. Kulesi mkhakha, i-cryptocurrencies ibonakala njenge-net ye-safe against monetary chaos.

I-Sovereignty & I-Free Market

Ukulungiselela isiko se-financial esihlanganisa isakhiwo se-individual-not-government-ukwenza imiphumela yemali. I-concept ebizwa ngokuthi i-individualism ye-methodological, ibonise ukhetho lomsebenzisi kanye ne-decentralization, okuyinto izici ezizodwa ze-cryptocurrencies amaningi. Abanikeze abantu ukugcina kanye nokudlulisela imali ngaphandle kokufakwa kwebhanki noma isivumelwano lwezimali - uma unayo i-cryptocurrency yakhoizikhwama, akukho umuntu angakwazi ukuthatha amayunithi akho, okungenani akuyona, njenge-freezing noma ukucindezeleka ama-akhawunti akho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi Abasebenzi AbThis belief in spontaneous order rejects the idea that governments or central banks should control economic activity.Ngaphezu kwalokho, Abasostrians zihlanganisa ukuthi innovation, pricing, kanye nokuthuthukiswa zokusebenza okwenziwe ngama-choices ngamathuba e-competitive environment.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhasimende ezininzi ze-cryptocurrency - ikakhulukazi ku-decentralized finance (DeFi) - zithola ku-open-access systems. Lezi zincwadi zithumela umuntu nge-internet ukuxhumanisa ukuhlanganiswa, ngaphandle kokubiza ukwamukelwa kwebhanki noma izivakashi. Lokhu ukufudumuka kubonisa ukunambitheka kwe-Austria yokuqiniseka kwezimali kanye nemisebenzi ye-individual.

I-Denationalization ye-money

Ngo-1976, uFriedrich Hayek wabhalaI-Denationalization yeMali, lapho wabhala futha nge-currencies ezivamile, ezivela.Wabelanaukuthi ukuthatha imali kusuka kumazwe lwezimali kungcono ikhwalithi yayo nge-market competition. Lezi zimo zitholakala kumadoda emkhakheni ye-crypto futhi iye yindlela yokufunda kwebhizinisi kusukela ekuqaleni.

Bitcoin and similar projects are digital currencies created outside state control, competing in the free market just like Hayek imagined.Hayek futhi Mises zihlanganisa umqondo ukuthi umlinganiselo emakethe ivela ngokwemvelo lapho abantu akuyona ukhetho. Uyakwazi ukubona lokhu kwihlabathi ye-decentralized finance (DeFi), lapho ama-platforms afana ne-Ethereum noma i-Obyte akuvumela abasebenzisi ukuhlola izixhobo ezintsha zebhizinisi.

Lezi zinhlelo zomthetho zomthetho zomthetho zomthetho zomthetho zomthetho zomthetho zomthetho zomthetho zomthetho zomthetho zomthetho zomthetho zomthetho.

Izinzuzo ze-Australian Economists

Kodwa-ke, akukho wonke umkhakha e-Austria akuthengiswa ku-crypto. Isizinda esikhulu esithathwa kusuka ku-Mises' "i-regression theorem", okuyinto ivumela ukuthi imali kuqala njenge-commodity eyenziwe kakhulu. Abaningi ama-economists e-Austria zihlanganisa ukuthi i-cryptocurrencies akufanele ukubuyekeza - akuyona ngaphandle kwe-barter noma akufanele isicelo se-real edlule, ngakho-ke akufanele ukuhlangabezana nezingcele ezivamile ze-money.

I-Mises Institute ivela izincwadi eziningana, kuhlanganise "I-Money-ness ye-Bitcoins« futhi »I-Bitcoin: I-Money of the Future noma I-Old-Fashioned Bubble?. ” Ngaphezu kwalokho, ku-2024,Wabelana“I-Bitcoin isetshenziselwa kakhulu njenge-medium ye-exchange, kodwa akuyona imali.”They claim Bitcoin (or cryptos, by extension) isn’t money because it’s not yet widely or universally accepted for everyday exchanges.Izinhlelo zokusebenza zokusebenza zokusebenza zokusebenza zokusebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusebenza.

Ngingathanda kahle ukuthi ungenza ukusetshenziswa kwelanga ukulayisha i-coffee, noma i-Indian Rupee ngaphandle kwe-India - noma ngaphandle kokuthengisa. Lezi zixazululo ze-exchange zihlanganisa nabanye, futhi kungcono kakhulu ukuthi umbhali we-Starbucks uzothola i-gram ye-Gold noma i-Banknote kusuka e-India ngaphandle kwe-India. Ngokuvamile, kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba zihlanganisa uhlobo le-crypto, ngokuvamile.

Moreover, if Austrians believe that value is subjective, then early Bitcoin users valuing it for its security, scarcity, or utility might be enough to explain its rise.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-fiat money yamanje ayikho i-commodity-backed - kuyinto enhle ngoba abantu akutholwe, akuyona ngenxa yokuhambisana ne-Gold noma ezinye imikhiqizo. Singakwazi ukubona amazwana ezithakazelisayo lapha.

Indlela yokwenza imali free

I-Bitcoin, ngokuvamile, ingathanda abaninzi abalandeli be-Austrian Economics, kodwa akuyona ngaphandle kwama-critics.UkukhangisaUkukhishwa kwe-Bitcoin kusetshenziselwa inani elikhulu le-energy, okukhuthaza emakethe nge-subsidies noma izimfuneko ezingenalutho. Ezinye zihlanganisa ukuxhaswa kwama-actors eziphilayo - njenge-big mining pools kanye ne-exchanges - okuyinto ingathintana ne-Australian focus ku-decentralized, imisebenzi eyodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma i-Bitcoin ayekunxele yi-commodity ephilayo, akufanele ngokugcwele imibuzo e-Austrian ezivamile ye-hard money.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye amayeza amayeza amayeza amayeza amayeza amayeza amayeza amayeza amayeza amayeza amayeza.UkubuyekezwaKuyinto i-decentralized, i-open platform ngaphandle kwe-intermediaries (i-miners noma "validators"), eyakhelwe njenge-Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG), lapho i-transactions iyatholakala ku-DAG kuphela kumakhasimende.

Ngaphezu kwemali yayo yamazwe (GBYTE), wonke umntu angakwazi ukudala nokuthintelaI-Custom Digital AssetsNgiyaUnlike Bitcoin, Obyte supports tokenized commodities—meaning you can back your digital money with real-world goods.Umhlahlandlela okuphambili ku-PointAufort, inkampani yaseYurophu eyenza i-Obyte ukuze i-tokenize yedolobha, ukuguqulwa umqondo we-commodity-backed currency ekwakheni yedijithali.

I-Obyte inikeza izinga eliphezulu lokusebenza. Akukwazi ukuvikela abasebenzisi kumamodeli eyodwa-ukukhuthaza abantu kanye nemakethe ukhethe ukuthi kungcono imali. Ngenxa yokuba i-Obyte inikeza wonke umuntu ukwakha izicelo ezithile, kuvumela ukubukeka kwe-Austrian ukuthi umsebenzi wokuthuthukiswa kwamakhemikhali kuqala nge-akhawunti yabantu. Ehlabathi ebizwa ngokuvamile nge-fiat money, amabhizinisi afana ne-one angikwazi ukunikeza indlela engcono futhi ye-Austrian-style for crypto enthusiasts.

Ukukhishwa kweVector Image by pikisuperstar / Freepik