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The Horizontal Pod Autoscaler or HPA is a Kubernetes component that automatically scales your service based on metrics such as CPU utilization or others. The HPA scales the pods in either a deployment or replica set, and is implemented as a resource and a controller. The Controller Manager queries the resource utilization against the metrics specified in each horizontal pod autoscaler definition. We will deploy a special build of Apache and PHP designed to generate CPU utilization. We can then apply some load to our system to see it in action.