“A language that doesn’t affect the way you think about programming, is not worth knowing.” – Alan Perlis In my , I outlined the techniques to learning that I picked up from . I briefly mentioned that one should learn a new paradigm rather than a language with a slightly different syntax (e.g. C# <=> Java, ActionScript <=> Haxe) but didn’t stress nearly enough the importance of doing so. last post Josh Kaufman’s TEDx talk As the mathematician Richard Hamming once said, that it’s possible for there to be thoughts that we cannot have: “Just as there are odours that dogs can smell and we cannot, as well as sounds that dogs can hear and we cannot, so too there are wavelengths of light we cannot see and flavours we cannot taste. Why then, given our brains wired the way they are, does the remark “Perhaps there are thoughts we cannot think,” surprise you? Evolution, so far, may possibly have blocked us from being able to think in some directions; there could be unthinkable thoughts .” – Richard Hamming but what does this have to do with programming languages, or any languages for that matter? What we cannot express, we cannot think , whose colour vocabulary is very different from us in that they only have 5 words for colour. BBC went to a remote, unconnected tribe called the Himba What they found was intriguing. The Himba is able to easily identify the square with a different shade of green in this picture: because for the two shades of green. For us, this feat is difficult because to us, they’re all . they have different words green On the other hand, because we have two words for and , it is easy for us to spot the blue square from the rest: blue green For the Himba, who has only one word that describes both and , they struggle to identify the square with a different colour. blue green The implication is profound, that not only do languages , . shape our thinking they might prohibit it “The limits of my language mean the limits of my world.” – Ludwig Wittgenstein What if the same is true for programming languages? “Programming languages have a devious influence: they shape our thinking habits.” – Dijkstra What if our creative powers are limited by the ideas that can be expressed by the programming language we use? What if some solutions are out of our reach because they cannot be clearly expressed in those languages? How would we ever discover these unknown unknowns? Without being aware of the outside possibilities, would we ever become aware of our ? unconscious incompetence I don’t know of any research into the impact programming paradigms have on creativity. From personal experience, my have come from my ventures into non-mainstream programming and database paradigms. These ventures have opened doors in my mind and allowed me to see solutions I couldn’t before. most creative solutions By contrast, my other learning efforts such as Dart and Haxe has taught me a slightly different syntax for expressing the same ideas that I’m already familiar with. Whilst they can prove to be useful tools for specific tasks, they failed to have the same mind-expanding effect that is far more valuable to my long term career. On Diversity We can diversify our ways of thinking and approaches to problem solving by learning new programming paradigms, but that’s not the only way. In fact, some of the most notable people in the field of computer science has come from other disciplines. For example, Alan Kay was a biologist, and it was the study of biology that inspired him to coin the term . objects “I thought of objects being like biological cells and/or individual computers on a network, only able to communicate with messages.” – Alan Kay (the fact that we have come to teach and think about OOP in a very different sense to what Alan Kay envisioned is another matter..) Similarly, Joe Armstrong started out as a physicist. And Adam Tornhill, a speaker whose work I , has . thoroughly enjoy learnt much about programming from his studies in psychology We also need diversity in our communities. There’s a famous Chinese proverb that goes like this, “three humble shoemakers brainstorming make a great statesman.” However, this only holds true if each of the shoemakers is able to offer a different perspective and ideas. In reality, given that the shoemakers have the same profession and gender they probably have a much greater overlap in mindscape. The result? The shoemakers’ numerical advantage amounts to little when it comes to finding creative solutions. Which is why, in a creative industry like ours, we need to . guard against monoculture Conclusion To summarise, learning a new language within the same paradigm gives you implementation options and trade-offs for the set of approaches that is best afforded by the paradigm. Learning a new paradigm gives you entire new approaches that you didn’t have access to before, and has a far longer-lasting benefit. Which is why, given the choice, you should learn a new paradigm rather than a new language. Talk and Slides Links TEDx — The first 20 hours — how to learn anything | Josh Kaufman Lera Boroditsky — Does language shape thought?: Mandarin and English speakers’ conceptions of time Lera Boroditsky — How language shapes thought Alex Hillman — Why monocultures suck Modelling game economy with Neo4j Message broker that links all things One liner localization Genetic algorithms for tuning monster and trap stats

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